Jasper Wallace

Period. 3

2/17/18

Absent

Síntesis de Gramática

Gender and Number –

Each noun has a gender, either masculine or feminine. Whether its feminine or masculine is not based on what the item is. An item that is feminine will end in “a” or “as”. An item that is masculine will end in “o” or “os”. If it ends in “as” or “os” then its plural and if it ends in “a” or “o” then it’s singular. An example of a singular feminine noun is “profesora” or the plural feminine version of it is “profesoras”. And an example of a singular masculine noun is “bolígrafo” or the plural masculine version of it is “bolígrafos”.

The Definite Article –

    The Spanish definite articles are much like “the” in English. There are four definite articles, “el” if the noun is masculine and singular, “los” if the noun is masculine and plural, “la” if the noun is feminine and singular and “las” if the noun is feminine and plural. The definite article always comes before the noun. For example, the noun “bolígrafo” is masculine and singular so you would use “el”, “el bolígrafo”. Another example is the noun “profesoras”, it’s feminine and plural so you would use “las”, “las profesoras”.

Subject Pronouns – 

Spanish pronouns are similar to the English pronouns, I, you, he, she, we, y’all, and they. Subject pronouns always come before the verb to identify who is doing the action. The subject pronoun for I is “yo”.  For you its “tú”. For the singular version of he is “el” and the plural version is “ellos”. For the singular version of she is “ella” and the plural version is “ellas”. For the singular formal version of you is “usted” and the plural version is “ustedes”. For the masculine version of we is “nosotros” and the feminine version is “nosotras”. For the masculine version of y’all is “vosotros” and the feminine version is “vosotras”. An example of a verb you use is “hablar”, which means to talk. If you said I talk you would use “yo hablar”. For you talk you would use “tú hablar”. For we talk you would use “nosotros / nosotras hablar” and so on with the rest of the subject pronouns.  

The Spanish Verb –

    Spanish verbs are infinitive until they are changed to fit with the subject pronouns. Mainly infinitive verbs end in “ar”, “er”, or “ir”. To make the verb fit with the subject pronoun you chop off the ending and replace it with the ending that matches the subject pronoun. For “yo” you use the ending “o”. For “tú” you use the ending “as”. For “el”, “ella”, and “usted” you use the ending “a”. For “nosotros / nosotras” you use the ending “amos”. For “vosotros / vosotras” you use the ending “aís”. And for “ellos”, “ellas” and “ustedes” you use the ending “an”.  Coming back to the verb “hablar”, if you wanted to say “I talk” you would use “yo hablo”. For “you talk”, you would use “tú hablas”. For “we talk” you would use “nosotros / nosotras hablamos”. And so on with the rest of the subject pronoun verb endings.

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